A background check is a process in which the specifics of an individual's past are revealed for the purposes of employment, obtaining access to classified information, or obtaining restricted items.
They are conducted to confirm information found on an employment application or résumé. They may also be done as a way to differentiate potential employees and pick the best suited for the position.
In the United States, the Brady Bill requires criminal background checks for those purchasing handguns from firearms dealers.
Background checks are also required for those working in jobs with special security concerns, such as trucking, ports of entry, and airlines. Other laws exist to prevent those not passing a background check from working in careers involving the elderly, disabled, or children.